Project Overview: The project is located on a coal transportation railway in Tangshan City, Hebei Province. There is an artificial lake near the railway, and water from the lake has infiltrated the other side of the railway, causing subsidence. Grouting reinforcement is planned for the future. The current project focuses on assessing the geological conditions beneath the railway.

Project Characteristics: The project employs a combination of three methods: geological radar, high-density electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and seismic surface wave analysis for a comprehensive result analysis.

Data Quality: After comparing data from geological radar, electrical resistivity tomography, and passive seismic source methods, it is observed that, in comparison to electrical resistivity tomography, the passive seismic source method exhibits higher efficiency, greater measurement depth, and provides more precise assessments of the geological conditions beneath the railway.